玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)鋼(FRP)亦稱作(zuo)GFRP,即纖維(wei)強(qiang)化塑料(liao),一般指用(yong)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)纖維(wei)增(zeng)強(qiang)不飽和聚(ju)酯、環氧(yang)樹脂與(yu)酚醛樹脂基體。以玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)纖維(wei)或其(qi)制品作(zuo)增(zeng)強(qiang)材料(liao)的增(zeng)強(qiang)塑料(liao),稱謂為玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)纖維(wei)增(zeng)強(qiang)塑料(liao),或稱為玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)鋼,不同于(yu)鋼化玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)。
由于所使(shi)用的(de)樹脂品種不(bu)同,因此(ci)有聚酯玻(bo)璃鋼、環氧玻(bo)璃鋼、酚醛玻(bo)璃鋼之別。質輕而硬,不(bu)導電,性能穩定(ding),機械強度高(gao),回收利用少,耐腐蝕(shi)。可(ke)以代(dai)替鋼材制(zhi)造機器零件和汽車、船舶外(wai)殼(ke)等。
玻璃(li)鋼學(xue)名纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)料(liao),俗稱FRP(Fiber Reinforced Plastics),即纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)塑(su)料(liao)。根(gen)據采用的纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不同分為(wei)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)塑(su)料(liao)(GFRP),碳(tan)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)塑(su)料(liao)(CFRP),硼(peng)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)塑(su)料(liao)等。它是(shi)(shi)以(yi)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)及其(qi)制品(玻璃(li)布、帶、氈、紗等)作為(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)材(cai)料(liao),以(yi)合(he)成(cheng)樹(shu)脂作基(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)材(cai)料(liao)的一種復(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)材(cai)料(liao)。纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)材(cai)料(liao)是(shi)(shi)由增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和基(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)組成(cheng)。纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(或晶須)的直徑很小(xiao),一般在10μm以(yi)下,缺陷較少又較小(xiao),斷裂應變約為(wei)千分之(zhi)三十(shi)以(yi)內,是(shi)(shi)脆性(xing)(xing)材(cai)料(liao),易損傷、斷裂和受到腐蝕。基(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)相對于(yu)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)來說,強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度、模(mo)量都要低很多,但可以(yi)經受住大的應變,往往具有粘彈性(xing)(xing)和彈塑(su)性(xing)(xing),是(shi)(shi)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)材(cai)料(liao)。