玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)鋼(gang)(FRP)亦稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)GFRP,即(ji)纖(xian)維(wei)強化塑料(liao),一般(ban)指(zhi)用玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)纖(xian)維(wei)增(zeng)強不飽(bao)和(he)聚酯、環氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)與酚(fen)醛樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)基體。以(yi)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)纖(xian)維(wei)或(huo)其(qi)制品作(zuo)(zuo)增(zeng)強材料(liao)的增(zeng)強塑料(liao),稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)謂為玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)纖(xian)維(wei)增(zeng)強塑料(liao),或(huo)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)鋼(gang),不同于鋼(gang)化玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。
由于所使(shi)用(yong)的樹脂(zhi)品種不同,因此有聚酯(zhi)玻(bo)璃鋼(gang)、環氧玻(bo)璃鋼(gang)、酚醛玻(bo)璃鋼(gang)之(zhi)別。質輕而硬,不導(dao)電(dian),性能穩定,機械強度高,回收利用(yong)少,耐腐(fu)蝕。可(ke)以代替鋼(gang)材(cai)制造機器零(ling)件和汽車、船舶外殼等。
玻璃(li)(li)鋼學名纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),俗(su)稱FRP(Fiber Reinforced Plastics),即纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)合(he)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。根據采用的(de)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)不同分為(wei)玻璃(li)(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)合(he)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(GFRP),碳纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)合(he)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(CFRP),硼(peng)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)合(he)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等。它是以(yi)(yi)玻璃(li)(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)及其(qi)制品(玻璃(li)(li)布、帶(dai)、氈、紗等)作(zuo)為(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),以(yi)(yi)合(he)成(cheng)樹脂作(zuo)基體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)一種復(fu)合(he)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)是由增強(qiang)(qiang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)和基體(ti)組成(cheng)。纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(或晶須)的(de)直徑很小,一般在10μm以(yi)(yi)下,缺陷較少(shao)又(you)較小,斷裂應變(bian)約為(wei)千(qian)分之(zhi)三(san)十(shi)以(yi)(yi)內(nei),是脆性材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao),易(yi)損(sun)傷(shang)、斷裂和受(shou)到(dao)腐蝕。基體(ti)相對于(yu)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)來說,強(qiang)(qiang)度、模量都要低很多,但可以(yi)(yi)經受(shou)住大的(de)應變(bian),往往具有粘彈性和彈塑性,是韌性材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。